Actuating device and method of making the same



April 1', 1924. v

E. J.' GUAY ACTQATING DEVICE AND METHOD OF MAKING THE SAME Original Filed Nov. 4', 1919 Inventor: Emile J.Guag,

1 His Attorney. I

Reissues! Apr. 1,. 19 24.

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AOTUATIHG DIVIOI} mnonor m THE Sm.

(M31111 80. 1,468,018, dated July 94, 1938, Serial Io. 886,775, fled November 4, 1918, Application for reissue fled Ianaary 89, 1924. Serial Io. 889,847. v

To all whom. it may concern:

Be it known that I,-Enn.n J. Goat, 'a citizen of the United States, residing at Swampscott, county of Essex, State of I Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Actuating Devices and Methods of Making theSame, of which the following is a specification.

As is generally appreciated great efl'orts are being made at the presenttime to reduce unneceaary noises, and especially is this true as to the present ty of automobile e 'nes. Such an engine as a ood many va ve's, at least two for every cy inder,.and ll these valves are actuated by cams either directly through push rods orthrough ush rods and levers. A certain amount of c earance must always be left between the actu-. ating part and the valve stem to ensure the ac proper seating of the valve when the cam moves from its active to its inactive position. This clearance, although small, gives rise to considerable noise when the actuat- ,ing part is rapidly moved into contact with as the valve stem. It is in the nature of a hammer blowdelivered at high speed to a 'part which has considerable inertia. When the parts are properly set oradjusted the noise is not particularly objectionable in 80 many cases, but it becomesso as soon as parts wear or get out of adjustment which thiy do rather rapidly.

have invented or discovered a means whereb this noise canbe prevented even .88 after t 0 engine or other mechanism has been in operation for a long time. I am also able to use larger clearances than are customary in the valve mechanism of en es without causing objectionable noise, w 'ich is advantageous because it ensures the 'pro r seating of the valves at all times.

or a consideration of what I believe to be novel and my invention, attention is directed to the accompanying description and claims appended thereto. In the attached drawin which is illustrative of my invention, lfig. 1 is a partial section of a gasolene engine; Fig. 2 is a view in elevation of an actuating mechanism such as is employed in solene en ms of the L-head type and w ich may e taken as illustrating the general application of my invention; Fig. 3 is a view of the means em,- ployed in carrying out one ofthe steps in tia ly swa the said fi the process of manufacture; Fig. 4 illus-' ,trates alater step in the process;Fig. 5

.shows a shell or tubular container after it hasbeen filled with spinnable textile fibers;

F i 6 shows the shell afterit hasbeen pard to increase the compression of rs, and- Fi of a finished device il my invention.

g n carrying out my invention I employ a body of hi hly compressed inable textile fibers whic 1s surrounded y a, metallic shell the wall of said shell holding the material in its compressed state by sidewise ii'strating one form of ressure, which shell is afterwards mounted A variety of textile in a suitable holder. fibers .are available for the purpose. Of

these my experience shows that asbestos of or cold. They will successfully withstand high temperatures and the material when properly compressed can be machined by ordinary methods much the same as iron and steel.

It is essential to the successful operation of my invention that the fibers be highly compressed and, if the best results are to be obtained, the fibers should extend 'len thwise' of the shell and resent their en s to the cooperating metallic part which is to be actuated. To avoid the sound incident to' the contacting of two metallic surfaces care should be exercised to see that of the actual meeting surfaces at least one is 7 is a sectional view composed wholl of hi hly compressed s innabl'e textile fi rs. ince the materia is fined in a metallic shell, preferably seamless steel tubing, this can be readily done by making the wall of the shell slightly shorter than the axial length of the material at th center. The simplest and best way to carry Lout the invention is to insert the fibers-in an open-ended tube and subject them to a prehminary com ression, the final compression being attain by reducing the size of the tube. In other words, the compression pressuitable device such as. the tail stock 12 of a lathe and the hook 11 to some part as the rotating head 13. The tube 14 1s first'slipped back over the hook 10 so as to expose it. Spinable textile fibers, such as asbestos, cot-- ton or the like in the form of sliver 15, are then wound over the hooks until a sufiicient quantity is provided. The head carryin the hook 11 is t en rotated which twists the 7 thus formed and at the same time gives it considerable compression as shown in Fig. 4.

The tube 14 is then slipped endwise over said body to hold it in its compressed state with the fibers extending longitudinally of the tube. After the tube is in place the tension is released b rotating the hook 11' backwardly. and e material'is out between the ends of the tube and the hooks.- It is not practical to getthe necessary heavy compression in this manner so the tube withit's filler is either put through successive dies of decreasing size or it is swa'ged. The swaging roces's is preferable because it is less liable to break the fibers and is also less expensive. The swaginghcan be donein an ordinary swaging ma ine and should be by successive operations so as to reduce the size of the shell rather graduall and therebyavoid undue strains on the fi is which would tend to break them.

A reduction in diameter of the tube of about one-eighth to five-thirty. seconds of an 7 1 inch for each operation of which at-least ,two'

somewhat elongates the tube are nerally required will be found be satis the effect of highly compressing the fibi as material b xertin heavy-sidewise pressure thereon, ends ing left free. As the swuging takes place there is a certain small amount of relative movement between the fibrous material and the tube. Asa matter of fact the tube slides overthe material to a certain extent and when the operation is finished the ends of the tube project somewhat beyond the fibers. The swaging operations duces its diameter. In addition the walls of the tube are made somewhat thicker due to the reduction of diameter. At this stage in the procem the fibrous material is very and actory. This swaging operation as.

aswellasre-- position.

it is cut into short lengths as in 'c n at '16 in Fi 7. The ends ofthe tube section is beveled ack as at 17 and the fibrous material sli htly crowned as at 18 so that the centerwi be the highest point.

My invention is capable of wide, application where it is desired to decrease noise and the shock of two meeting surfaces, particularly where one of the parts has considerable inertia and has to be quick] started from a position of rest. A particu arly useful field or my invention is found in the various types of automobile engines where the cams have to open the valveswithgreat rapidity. In Fig. 1 is shown an en ine of the valve in the sad ty in whic 19 indicates a portion of a cy inder and 20 a valve. valve is located in a suitable cage with its stem 21 rising vertically. On the stem is a collar 22 for confining the closing s ring 23 under ressure. 24 Indicates a me er arm which is pivoted on the shaft 25. To the outer end of the arm is attached a push rod 26, the lower end ofsaid rod having a-roller which rides on the valve actuating cam 27 in the-usualmanner. Carried by one end of the rocker arm and in alignment with the valve stem is one of m constructed as shown in ig. and provided with a suitable lock-nut.

As is evident my,

improved device can be mounted on the valve stem or-on the rocker arm but the preferred arrangement is to mount it in the arm. An-' other way to do this is shown in Fig. 2 in which 28 indicates a part to be actuated and 29 the actuating part. Between the two is a member constructed as shown in Fi 7 in which 80 represents-a screw havi a t readed shank and a hexagon head 3 which is recessed or socketed to receive the short length of tube with its filler of fibrous materia the whole forming a holder capable of bein mounted'for'use in a vanet of ways apd' or a. variety of purposes. a portion 0 tube is rolled over said tube. so as to form a securing means. .It will be observed at the fibers are heldin compression b the wall of the tube and that the bottom -0 the tube and the filler rest-firmly on the bottom as a certain limited The im roved devices n3 the head adjacent the upper end of the Y wall of the socket, the filler at the top being I threaded the screw can readily be adjust d up and down to give the nry clearance Ill between the cooperatin parts, a checkmut being emplo ed to lock e parts in adjusted e usual clearance maybe emcomprisin ployed between said arts, but owing to the use of spinnable texti e fibers which prevent noise a greater clearance canbe provided than is ordinarily metal arts and t us the proper seating of thevavesisassurerh.

It is preferable to make up the material in pieces of considerable length since a considerable sa of labor and material is thereby efiected ut each device may bemade separatel if for any reason it is necessary or desira 1e.

An automobile engine fitted with my im.-

proved construction has been exhaustively tested with the result that the noise due to thevalve actuating parts is eliminated. I have also found that the wear on the contacting surfaces is reduced to a negligible amount. The wear on the textile fibers when properly compressed is about the same as that of steel.

What I claim as new and desire to secure byLetters Patent of the United States, is,-

1. A device of the character described, comprising a body of spinnable textile fibers and a shell which surrounds said fibers and holds them under com ression, said shell being open at one end w ereby the ends of the com ressed fibres are exposed to present a wor ing surface.

2. A device of the character described,

comprising a body of spinnable textile fibers and a metallic shell which surrounds the fibers and holds them in a highly compressed state, j said .fibers extending lengthwise of the shell and presenting at one end of it a hard working surface.

'3. A device of the character described, comprising a body of textile fibers and a metallic tube surrounding said. body and having an open end, said tubeexerting heavy gressure on said body in a direction perpen icular to its axis.

4. A device of the character described, comprising a body of spinnable textile fibers and a metallic shell which surrounds the body circumferentially and highly compresses the fibers, the fi shell Kresenting a hard working surface.

5. device of the character described, comprisin an open-ended metallic shell con taining a y of fibrous material which is maintained in a high state of compression by the. walls of said shell, said material pro jecting slightly beyond the shell at one end to provide a working surface.

6. In combination, a part which is to be moved, a second part for moving the first, and means interposed between said arts a shell containin a b y. of compresse fibrous material, t e action of one part on the other taking place through said material. I

7. In combination, apart which is to be moved, a second part for moving the first,

' macs rmissible with metal-tores at one end of the and means inter between said parts and through which one acts on the other comprising a shell containin a body of compresse fibers in which sai lengthwise of the shell and present their ends to one of the arts.

8. A device .of t e character described, com rising a'shell which surrounds a body of fi rs and holds them under compression by exerting sidewise pressure thereon, and aholder for said shell. Y

9. A device of the character described, comlprising a tube which is filled with spinnab e textile fibers extending lengthwise thereof and held under hea com ression by the wall of the tube, an a ho der for said tube.

10. A device of the character described, comprising a tube which is filled with spinn able fibers extending lengthwise thereof and held under heavy compression by the wall of the tube, and a holder containing a socket in which the tube andits filler are seated, said filler extending slightly beyond one end of the tube. V

11. The method of making devices of the character described which comprises filling an elongated shell with spinnable textile fibers and compressing the same by reducing the size of the-shell. y I

12. The method of making devices of the character described which comprises filling a shell withs-pinnable textile fibers and subjecting the sameto a reliminary compression, and increasing t e compression to a high degree by reducing the size of the shell. 13. The method of making devices of the character described which comprises a tube with fibers arranged lengthwise an in a somewhat compressed state, and increasing the compression by-reducing the size of the tube by successive steps.

14. The method of making devices of the character described which comprises filling a'tubular shell with spinnable textile fibers I and subjecting the same to compression byreducing the size of the shell by successive swaging operations. a

15. The method ofmaking devices of the character described which comprises winding spinnablc fibers on a frame, inserting the material so wound in a shell and then reducing the cross-sectional area of the shell until said fibers are highly compressed.

16. The method of making devices of the character described which comprises winding spinuable fibers on a frame, twisting the frames relatively to each other topartially compress the fibers, inserting the material so compressed in a tube, and-then reducing the size of the tube by swa ging.

17. The method of making devices of the character described which comprises winding spinnable fibers on a frame, said fibers extending lengthwise, partially compressing fillin Ill the fibers, inserting the body use some lengthwise in a tube, subjectin the fibers to heavy sidewiflefifressure by ucingv the size of the tube,

tube.

18. The method of making devices-of the character described which comprises forming'a body of textile fibers, said fibers being arranged lengthwise and under some com pression, inserting the body thus formed in arranged lengthwise of the body with the fibers at one end of the body exposed to present a working surface.

20. A device of the character describedcomprising a metallic holding member having a socket with a body enclosed in the socket except at one end and comprising highly compressed textile fibers in which bod the fibers extend lengthwise, the fibers 80 at t e inner end of the body being supported dressing oil the ends of the I tube and the body of fiber, leaving the fibers at one end projecting slightly beyond the lug comprises highly compressed textile fibers by the bottom wall of the md thoseat the outerend, being exposed to form a working surface: a

21. A device of the character described comprisi a metallic holding member hava soc et, a bod of spmnable textile fibers in which body t e fibers extend lengthwise, the fibers at the inner end of the body being supported by the bottom wall of the socket and those atthe outer end being exsed to form a working surface, and means .for holding the fibers in ahighly compressed state.

22. A device of the character described comprising a socketed member, the outer end of which forms a securing means, a body enclosed in the socket except'at one end and comprising highly compressed s innable textile fibers in which body the bers extend len hwise, the fibers at the inner end of the y being su ported by'the bottom wall of the socket and those at the outer end being exposed to form a working surface the sai body being held between the securing means at the outer end of the socket and the bottom wall thereof. I

In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand this 21st day of January, 1924.

' EMILE J.' GUAY. 

